The Ophthalmology
Survival Guide
Emmetropia
When an eye accurately refracts light rays from distant objects onto the retina the eye is said to be emmetropic.
Survival Tips!
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Emmetropic eyes use accommodation to increase their focal power when viewing objects up close.
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Refractive errors can occur naturally as the result of poor emmetropization, or they can be the result of injury, disease, or surgery. Regardless of how they occur, the result is the same. Blurry vision.
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Being able to detect and measure refractive errors manually will always be a useful survival skill. This can be done using the Bruckner test or retinoscopy.
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Pinhole viewing can be used in the clinic to help determine if a patient’s poor visual acuity is due to underlying refractive error. If the visual acuity is significantly improved by viewing through a pinhole, it can be inferred that at least some of the reduced acuity is due to refractive blur.